The inside inspection is more detailed than the outside, since that’s where most mechanical systems and finishes are. A home inspector is looking for safety hazards, structural problems, and signs of damage. Here’s a thorough breakdown:
Interior Structure & Surfaces
- Floors, walls, ceilings – Cracks, stains, sagging, unevenness.
- Doors & windows – Operation, locks, seals, drafts, broken glass.
- Stairs & railings – Secure, proper height/spacing, no wobble.
- Fireplace/hearth – Damper operation, cracks, creosote buildup, chimney connection.
- Attic & insulation – Adequate insulation, ventilation, signs of leaks or pests.
- Basement/crawlspace – Moisture, mold, foundation cracks, sump pump operation.
Plumbing
- Water supply – Adequate pressure, leaks under sinks, around toilets, and appliances.
- Drains – Flow speed, clogs, gurgling, backflow signs.
- Hot water heater – Age, leaks, venting, safety valve.
- Fixtures – Faucets, showers, tubs, toilets for function and leaks.
Electrical
- Service panel – Proper grounding, breaker labeling, no double-tapped wires.
- Outlets & switches – Testing function, polarity, GFCI in kitchens/baths/basement/garage.
- Visible wiring – Fraying, amateur repairs, exposed connections.
- Light fixtures – Function and secure installation.
Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation (HVAC)
- Furnace/boiler – Age, service tags, rust, unusual noises.
- Air conditioner/heat pump – Operation, visible condition.
- Ductwork – Secure, insulated where needed, no gaps.
- Vents/registers – Adequate airflow.
- Thermostat – Functionality.
Kitchens
- Appliances – Range, oven, dishwasher, garbage disposal (basic operation).
- Exhaust fans/hood – Proper venting outside, not just recirculating.
- Cabinets/counters – Stability, water damage.
- Sink & plumbing – Leaks, hot/cold water, drainage.
Bathrooms
- Tubs, showers, sinks, toilets – Operation, leaks, caulking/grout condition.
- Exhaust fans – Must vent outside, not into attic.
- Flooring & walls – Signs of water damage, loose tiles.
- Water pressure & drainage – Adequate and consistent.
Safety Items
- Smoke & carbon monoxide detectors – Presence and placement.
- Handrails & guardrails – Secure and to code.
- Fire doors (if garage attached) – Self-closing, sealed.
- Egress windows – Especially in bedrooms and basements.
- Asbestos/lead concerns – If house is older, potential materials flagged (but usually not tested in a basic inspection).
Other Systems
- Laundry area – Washer hookups, dryer venting (should vent outside, not into attic/garage).
- Attic access – Insulation, ventilation, structural condition.
- Basement sump pump – Tested if present.
- Pest signs – Termites, rodents, carpenter ants, etc.